Window



Aug. 14, 1934. FRANCE 1,970,298

WINDOW Filed Sept. 23, 1932 2 Sheets-Sheet l mmuw Inventor: AIsxanclerL. France by His Attorney.

14, 1934.. FRANCE 1,970,298

WI NDOW Filed Sept. 23, 1952 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 W in Qfgg I nventor p 5Alexander LQFranceg His Attorney,

Patented Aug. 14, 1934 uNi'rso STATES timeJa es 1,970,298 MNDOWAlexander L.- France, Albanyylfil. Y. T Application september 23, 1932,Serial No. 634,459

Claims. v (o1. -4 :f'

My invention relates to improvement in windows, and one of its objectsis the provision of: means for facilitating the removal of a window sashfrom its frame to enable; for example, its.

5'. being washed on both sides, regardless of whether a storm sash orwire screen is in place in the window frame on the outer side.

Another object is the provision of means for enabling the sash, afterits removal, .to be hung 10. on the inner side of the window'casinginposition to enable the sash to be. cleaned on both sides while in oneposition.

Another object is the provision of. means to: enable the sash to bereadily restored to its runways in the casing. 'It is also an object 'topro.- vide a sash with a side stile made in two sections, one sectionbeing a permanent section of the sash frame and the other section beingdetachable.v

therefrom and attachable thereto at will by' imii a nected to one of theweight cords of the'sash.

Another object is to provide means, comprising one of the elements ofsaid attaching and detaching means, (namely a latching arm) for lockingthe said removable section to the casing" when unlatched from the sash,whereby the de-.

tached section is vpreventedfrom being raised by the weight attached toits cord.

The foregoing and other objects of the invention will be hereinaftermore fully set forth and claimed, reference. being had to theaccompany-a comright hand section of the lower sash of Fig. 1.

showing the box or mortise elements of the means for hanging the sash tothe window casing, as indicated in Fig. 8.

Fig. 4 shows enlarged and in perspective'that portion of the Windowbetween horizontal lines 4'-4' and 44", Fig; 8. This figure shows thelatching arm for locking the detachable stile sec-- tion, of thelowersash, against the pulling force I of the sash weight.

Fig. 5 is a companion element shown in'section I in Fig. 10 of theattaching and detaching means shown in Fig. 4.

Fig. 6 is an enlarged view of thatportionof the window frame and of theupper window sash betweenlines 66'.and 6"-6" Fig.fl8 with a portion ofthe stop strip broken away. v I

proved means, the detachable section being con i I after they haveclosedand the sections of the tively and thesides 4 and 5.

the arrows in "said.

. Fig. 'Tis an enlarged view in perspective-of a section of thespacingstrip which is located in thefranie between the sashes,saidsection being located between the parallel lines 7"--7' and v"-7",Fig. 1. I I f v Fig. 8 is a'view similar to that of Fig. 1, of a windowcomprising the features of the invention, showing the upper and lowersashes removed and hung from the casing; the lower sash on the right andthe upper on the left.

#Fig. 9 is a-sectiontaken on line99, Fig. 8,

i and viewed in' the direction of the arrows in Fig.8; I

Fig. 10 is a'section through the elements of the attachingaand:detachingmea'ns shown in Figs. 4 and'5, th'e section being'taken along lines10-'-10, Fig. 4, and 10-'10, Fig. 5. In this figure the elementsare'shown in position just about to close and'whilethe latching armisopen.

Figlll shows the elementsof Fig. 10 in section 75.

stile have been latched together. arm is here shownclosed'.

Fig. 12 shows the same elements of Figs. 10 and 11 in front view butwith the latching arm open as inFig; 4;

Fig. 13 is a view similar to Fig. 11 except that it shows'a metalweather strip instead of the flange element projecting from the sectionof the stile'inFigfii. W

' Referring more in detail to the drawings, the

i The latching 7 window shownin Fig.1 comprises the usual cas ing withthe topv andbottom'sills 2 and 3 respec-- It'comprises asusual twosashes, an upper one Band a lower one '7. The lower'sash is-provided onthe right side with a pairof box or mortise elements 8 and 9 shownenlarge'dinFi'g. 3. The upper sashis provided with a 'pair'of'similarmortise elements 10 and '11. The object of these elements istoenable-the sashes to be hung from the sides of the casing as-indicatedin Fig. 8. Each side is provided with" a pair of' prong or tenonelements, each projecting away from the window opening.- For'example,the side 4 of the casing is provided with prongs 12 and13 and the opposite side 5 with prongs 1f]: and'15. The prong i3 is shown enlarged inFig. 6. It is made of a metal strip with arms 16 and'l'? at right anglesto each other. One of the arms-is provided with perforations' forscrews18jand extendsunder the stop strip 19', which in Fig. 6 is brokenawayto show more'c'learly-that' one of the "screws is secured to the-face strip 2010f the side 4 0i the casing, and that the other screw issecured'to the inner" face strip 21 of the same side of the casing. Theprong 13 is secured in the same way to the same strips 20 and 21. Theprongs on the opposite side are secured in the same way but turned inthe opposite direction. In Fig. 6 the box catch 11 of the upper sash isshown in engagement with the prong 13. In Fig. 8 the upper sash is shownin position with both its box catches 10 and 11 in engagement with thecorresponding prongs .12 and 13, and the lower sash is shown in positionwith both its box catches 8 and 9 in engagement with the correspondingprongs 14 and 15. Referring again to Fig. 1, the lower sash is providedwith a stile 22 on the right side and a stile 23 on the left side. Thestile 23 is made in two sections 24 and 25, see Fig. 11, also Figs. 4and 5. When the sash is in place, as indicated in Fig. 1, these twosections of the" left stile are latched together by means of latches 26,27 and 28, each of which comprises two elements shown in'Figs.

4 and 5, one of which, the mortise element 29, is secured to the stilesection 24 and the other of which, the tenon element 30, is secured tothe stile section 25.

The element 30 is preferably made as a single piece of metal folded withan arm 31 across the front which arm is perforated to receive a screw 32.for securing the arm to the stile section 25. The body portion 33 ofthe tenon 30 forms less than a right angle with the arm 31 as indicatedin Fig. 10 and tapers inward so that the width where it meets the arm 31is greater than the width at the inner end 33'. This body portion,

has flanges34- and 35 which project to the right at right anglestherefrom, and approach each other toward the end 33 of the body portion33. Said flanges 34 and 35, are provided in turn with flanges 36 and 37respectively whichproject at right angles upwardanddownward'respectively along the left side ofthe stile section 25. Theselast flanges extend perpendicular to the arm 31.v

It will be seen, therefore, that the body portion and the flanges 34 and35 form a wedge shaped inclosure which tapers toward the end 33, towarda horizontal plane through the-longitudinal axisa body portion 38,(corresponding tothe body 33 of the tenon) a pair of flanges39 and 40,(corresponding to flanges 34 and 35), and a pair of flanges 41 and 42,(corresponding to flanges 36 and 37). This body portion and theflanges39, 40, 41 and 42 form a wedge shaped inclosure (similar to thatof the tenon element 30) which also tapers toward the horizontal axialplane and toward the vertical axial plane'of the mortise element, whichtapered inclosure is adapted ;to re- 'ceive the tapered inclosure of thetenon 30 as indicated in Fig. 11. The mortise element 29 has a latch arm43 which corresponds to the arm 31 of tenon 30 but which is hinged tothe body portion 38 as indicated in Fig. 10. The 'arm- 31,

I as indicated in Fig. 10, is folded to form a mortise slot 44 forreceiving a tongue 45, a part of the arm 43, which tongue may be formedby also folding the arm 43, as indicated in Fig. 10.

, Referring to Fig. 10, it will be seen that a portion of the metalextending from the end 38' of.

the body portion 38 is folded under to form a spring 45 inside themortise.

33 of tenon 30 is similarly folded to form a spring 46., Now, when thetenon 30 enters the mortise Similarly themetal I extending from the end33 of the bodyportion Y 29 the outer surface of the spring 46 engagesthe inner surface of the spring 45, which springs and the wedgeconstruction described insure a perfectly snug fit between the twoelements 29 and 30. Furthermore, when the arm is closed the tongue 45 iswedged in the slot 44 (due to the spring nature of the material and tothe form of the slot and tongue indicated). Thus the two sections of thestile 23 may be effectively latched together by means of the threelatches 26, 27 and 28.

Referring to the strip 19 indicated in Figs. 1 and 6, which strip isalso shown in Fig. 4, two catch elements 47 and 48 are secured to theface of this strip. One of these catch elements is shown enlarged inFig. 4. The object of these catches is to hold the stile section 24against being raised by the weight at the end of the cord 49 (see Fig.2) when the stile section 24 is unlatched from the stile section 25 or,in other words, when the lower sash is unlatched from the stile section24. No such latches are necessary for the lower sash on the oppositeside of the window, that is, on the right hand side, inasmuch as thestile 22 on the right sideis not made in two sections. It will be seenthat the difierence in thefunction of the catches 4'7 and 48on the leftside of the casingweight attached, remains attached to the lower.

sash.

Catch elements 51 and 52, similar to the catch elements 47 and .48, areprovided on the opposite side of the. window for one of the sections 53of the right hand stile 54 of the upper sash (which stile is made in twosections exactly as the stile 23'of the'lower sash).the other sectionbeing thestilesection 55. The upper sash is also provided. with latches56, 57 and 59 exactly like the latches 26, 27 and 28. on the lower sash.The latch 28, as already explained, has a latch v arm 43, andsimilarly,.the latches 27, 26, 56,- 57 and 58 have latch. arms 60, 61,62, 63 and 64 which are the same as the latch arm 43. With reference tothe catch elements 51 and 52, these are secured to the spacing'strip 65,see Fig. 7, which is located between the two sashes and corresponds tothe spacing strip Men the left side of the frame, 'see Fig. 2.

Assuming that the upper and lower sashes are as indicated in Fig. 1, andthat it is desired to remove them from the frame and to hang them asindicated in Fig. 8, it will be necessary first to open the window lock6'7, which is a lock of the usual type. Then the latch arms 43, 60 and61 No catch element is provided for the latch as indicated in Fig. 4,and to allow the latch arm i 61 to engage in a similar manner its catchelei ment 48. Thelower sash is then rotated counterclockwise asviewedfromabove'to-allow'the stile section 25 to disengage from thestile'section '24, after which operation the lower sash may be withdrawnentirely from the casing and hung on its prongs 14and-15,'as'indicatedin-Fig.-8, perpendicular to'the casing andwithoutbeing. disconnected from its right side cord.

The upper sash may then be lowered to a position-with the latches '56and 58 below "their cor' responding catch elements 51 and 52. The latcharms 62, 63 and 64 are now opened upuntil they strike the face of thefacing strip The uppersash isnow allowedto rise until'the lat'charms 62'and64i engage their corresponding catch elements 51 and52 as the latch211K143, Fig. 4, has engaged its catch element in that figure Theupper'sash' may 'nowberotated to the? left until it clears its stilesection 53; after whichoperation the upper sashmay be removed from thewindow casing and hung on itsiprongs 12 and .13, as indicated in Fig. 8,perpendicular to the casing and with-' out being disconnected from itsleft side cord;

The sashes may nowbe Washedon both sides and restoredto-the casing asfollowsz-First the. L upper sash is unhung'from* its prongs and its leftside inserted in its track in'the left side of the casing. The sashis'then raised or lowered until the corresponding latch sections areopposite each other and. brought into engagement after which the sash islowered slightly-to clear the latch arms from their catches to enablethe latch armsto be closedand thus restored to their original positions.The upper sash is then raised to its place out of the wayv of the lowersash.

The. lower sash is then unhung from its prong and its right stileinserted in its runway in the casing. The sash is then raised or loweredto bring the: corresponding sections of the latch opposite each other,as was done in the case. of

the upper sash asindicated in Fig. .'10.

25 to prevent any draft through the stile when.

the window is in place. Instead of this: arrangement, both sections 24and 25 may be cut away to receive a. metal'plate '70 as indicated inFig.

13, which plate may be screwed to'thestrip 24.

As indicated in Fig.6, the latch e1ement29. is embedded in the'strip 24andisecured' thereto byscrews 71. The. latch element 30 isalso partlyembedded in the stile section 25. and secured. :theret'o not only byscrew 32*but also by screws 72 one for each of the flanges 36 and 35.The arm 31 is made flush with the face of the stile section 25, just asthe flanges 41 and 42 of element 29 are flush with the side face of thestrip 124 which side face meets the flange 67 as shown.

Referring to the catch element in Fig. 7, this catch is embedded in thestrip 65 so that the outer surface '72 of the catch prong 73 is flushwith the front face 74 of the strip 65 and also flush with the surface'75 of the lower portion of tion of the base frame portion of the catch,that is the portion .un'der thetprong 73 is angular, it being depressedbelow the prong. Also it will be seen that thestrip 65 is cut awaytransversely to form apassage' 74. to allow the. latch arm of the latch56 (which arm corresponds to the latch arm 43, Fig; .4) to pass underthe prong 51. It will be noted that the base frame of the catch Fig. 4-is' straight,instead'of angular, in form, as thebase frame of thecatch51, and also that the base frameis .fiush with'the face of the stopstrip19;. Referring tonFig. 3,.it will be understood that the boxcatches .8 and 9 are flush with the surface 75 ofthe sash. It willv alsobe understood that the cord '76, see Fig. 3, which extends along thegroove 7'7 of the sash passes behind the box catch 8 and terminates inthe usual knot in the bore '78, the axisof which inclines upward. Bythis arrangement the retention of thecord in the. groove is insuredwhenthe sash leaves the casing'and is hung asin Fig. .8. a

In the construction of the. latches, mortise, tenons, catches, prongsand the like, I find that tool steel may beused but any other suitablematerial may be employed.

-It will be understood that while I have elected to illustrate myinvention Icy-embodying them in the form of the drawings, I do:-n0t wishto'be. so limited as the principles of .theinvention are of broad.application,. as indicated by my claims herein, and may be embodied invarious forms.

What I claim is:- 1

,1. In-a window, in combination, a casing and aL sash having a stiledivided in two sections, interlocking means for securing said sectionstogether, said means comprising a mortise :elernent secured to one ofsaid sectionsand a tenonelement secured .to otherof said'sections,andimeans for latching said mortise and tenon elements together afterthey have been interlocked, said latching 115,- means last mentionedcomprising a mortise element 'andza corresponding tenonelement, one. ofthe saidelements of said latching means last mentioned being hinged tothe corresponding one.

of'saidsections.

2. :In. a window, in combination a casing and a sashhaving a stile oneach side, one ofv said stiles being divided in two sections,interlocking means forsecuring saidsections together, .saidmeans;comprising a mortise element secured to 125 one cfsaidasectionsand a tenon element secured to the other-of saidsections, said sashhaving cords and weights attached thereto threaded with saidcasing,and-means whereby the sashmay be hungto the window casing after.theasash .130 is removed from the casing runway and while connected toone of its cord-andiweights; said last :means comprising a mortiseelement and 'a corresponding tenonvelement, the mortise element beingsecured to the otherof said sash stiles with the opening perpendicularto the face of its stile and the tenon being secured to said casingparallel to the face of the casing whereby the for latching said sectionlast mentioned to said 150 :;along an edge of said section and a springtenon casing and means on said casing for engaging said latching means.a

4. In a window, in combination a casing and a sash having a stiledivided in two sections, interlocking means for securing said sectionstogether, said means comprising a mortise element secured to one of saidsections and a tenon ele- 5. In a window in combination a sash having astile on each side, one of said stiles being divided in two sections,interlocking means for securing said sections together, saidmeanscomprising a mortise element secured to one of said sections and'a tenonelement secured to the other of said sections, and means comprising anelement hinged to said mortise element for latching said section lastmentioned to said casing, to prevent the section from sliding in thecasing saidlast means comprising in turn a mortise element and acorresponding tenon element, one of said last men tioned elements beingsecured to the casing and the other to the said stile sectionlastmention'ed said last means comprising a mortise element and acorresponding tenon element, one of said last mentioned elements beingsecured to the casing and the other to thesaid stile section to whichsaid cord is connected, said last'mentioned elements being hinged to itssupport whereby it may swing into engagement with either the saidelement secured to the casing or with its corresponding element on themain section of the sash.

6. In a Window, in combination,'a sash having a stile on each side, oneof said stiles being made in two sections interlocking means forsecuring said sections together, said means comprising a spring mortiseelement secured to one of said sections element securedto the other ofsaidsections'along an edge of said other section said springelementsbeing located in operative relation, whereby the tenon may enter themortise and draw the two filliisections snugly together with saidsprings enclosed between said sections, and latch means comprising atenon element hinged to said spring mortise element along the face ofthe sash, and comprising also a mortise element formed in the I 55;jface of the sash in a section of said spring tenon element.

7. In a window, in combination, a casing and a sash therefore, one ofthe stiles of said sash being divided into two sections, one of saidsections 6 0,3engaging a runway in the casing and the other sectionbeing integral with the. central portion of the sash, means for latchingsaid sections comprising mortise and tenon elements and means forlatching said elements together comprising an element rotatablysecuredto one of said elements, the axis of rotation being parallel to the faceof the casing.

8. In a window, in combination, a casing and a sash therefore, ,one ofthe stiles of said sash being divided into two sections, one of saidsections engaging a runway in the casing and the other section' beingintegral with the central portion of the sash, means for latching saidsections comprising mortise and tenon elements, and means for latchingsaid elements together comprising an element'rotatably secured to one ofsaid elements, the axis of rotation being parallel to the face of thecasing, means for latching said sections together comprising mortise andtenon means located between said sections and also mortise and tenonmeans along the face of the window.

9. In a window, in combination, a casing and a being divided intotwosections, one of saidsections engaging a runway in the casing and the.other section being integral with the central portion of the'sash, meansfor latching said sections comprising mortise and tenon elements, andmeans for'latching said elements together comprising an elementrotatably' secured to one of said elements the axis of rotation beingparallel to the face of the casing, means for latching said sectionstogether comprising mortise and tenon means located between saidsections and also mortise and tenon means along the face of the window,the tenon of one of said means and the mortise of the other of saidmeans being made as a unit.

410. In a window, in combination, a casing and a sash therefore, one ofthe stiles of said sash being divided into two sections, one of saidsections engaging a runway in the casing and the other section beingintegral with the central portion of thesash, means for latching saidsections comprising mortise and tenon elements and means for latchingsaid-elements together comprising an element rotatably secured to one'of said elements, the axis of rotation being parallel to

